class 10 biology chapter 7 mcqs

Biology class 10

Chapter 7

Man and His Environment

100 MCQs

The total surroundings of an organism are called
a) Ecology
b) Environment
c) Habitat
d) Atmosphere
Answer: b
Which of the following is a biotic component of the environment?
a) Water
b) Soil
c) Plants
d) Air
Answer: c
An organism's specific role or function in its habitat is known as:
a) Ecosystem
b) Food chain
c) Niche
d) Community
Answer: c
The study of the relationship between organisms and their environment is
a) Physiology
b) Zoology
c) Ecology
d) Cytology
Answer: c
Which of these is an abiotic factor?
a) Bacteria
b) Light
c) Plants
d) Animals
Answer: b
A group of organisms of the same species living in the same place is called:
a) Community
b) Ecosystem
c) Habitat
d) Population
Answer: d
Which of the following is the ultimate source of energy for all life on Earth?
a) Plants
b) Sun
c) Soil
d) Water
Answer: b
The green plants in an ecosystem are
a) Consumers
b) Decomposers
c) Producers
d) Carnivores
Answer: c
The organisms that break down dead matter are
a) Producers
b) Consumers
c) Decomposers
d) Herbivores
Answer: c
A food chain always starts with
a) Herbivores
b) Decomposers
c) Carnivores
d) Producers
Answer: d
Which of these is a primary consumer?
a) Lion
b) Tiger
c) Cow
d) Hawk
Answer: c
A food web consists of
a) One food chain
b) Many interlinked food chains
c) Only producers
d) Only decomposers
Answer: b
Organisms that eat both plants and animals are called
a) Herbivores
b) Carnivores
c) Omnivores
d) Insectivores
Answer: c
The layer of air surrounding Earth is known as:
a) Lithosphere
b) Hydrosphere
c) Atmosphere
d) Biosphere
Answer: c
Which of these is not a renewable resource?
a) Wind
b) Sunlight
c) Petroleum
d) Water
Answer: c
Which gas is responsible for global warming?
a) Oxygen
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Nitrogen
d) Hydrogen
Answer: b
The presence of harmful substances in the environment is called
a) Pollution
b) Erosion
c) Rotation
d) Deforestation
Answer: a
Acid rain is caused by:
a) Oxygen and nitrogen
b) Carbon dioxide and ozone
c) Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
d) Dust and water vapor
Answer: c
A major cause of ozone layer depletion is
a) CO₂
b) Nitrogen
c) CFCs
d) Methane
Answer: c
Which human activity leads to deforestation?
a) Mining
b) Afforestation
c) Crop rotation
d) Organic farming
Answer: a
Which of these diseases is caused by polluted water?
a) Typhoid
b) Malaria
c) Tuberculosis
d) Diabetes
Answer: a
What is the role of decomposers in the ecosystem?
a) Produce food
b) Trap solar energy
c) Recycle nutrients
d) Absorb carbon dioxide
Answer: c
Overuse of fertilizers causes:
a) Air pollution
b) Noise pollution
c) Water pollution
d) Light pollution
Answer: c
A group of different populations living together in an area is called:
a) Ecosystem
b) Species
c) Community
d) Niche
Answer: c
Which of the following contributes to noise pollution?
a) Forest
b) Waterfall
c) Loudspeakers
d) Photosynthesis
Answer: c

The natural home or environment of an organism is called:
a) Community
b) Ecosystem
c) Habitat
d) Niche
Answer: c
Which of the following is an example of a secondary consumer?
a) Grasshopper
b) Frog
c) Grass
d) Cow
Answer: b
Plants absorb carbon dioxide mainly through:
a) Roots
b) Flowers
c) Stomata
d) Chloroplast
Answer: c
Which of the following leads to soil pollution?
a) Reforestation
b) Use of compost
c) Use of plastics
d) Crop rotation
Answer: c
The organisms which prepare their own food are:
a) Saprotrophs
b) Autotrophs
c) Heterotrophs
d) Parasites
Answer: b
The term used for wise use of natural resources is:
a) Pollution
b) Conservation
c) Deforestation
d) Exploitation
Answer: b
Which one is a non-renewable resource?
a) Coal
b) Air
c) Forest
d) Water
Answer: a
Which of the following gases is a greenhouse gas?
a) Nitrogen
b) Methane
c) Oxygen
d) Helium
Answer: b
The overuse of pesticides leads to:
a) Water purification
b) Soil fertility
c) Biomagnification
d) Genetic variation
Answer: c
Which layer of the atmosphere protects us from UV rays?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Ionosphere
Answer: b
What causes the green house effect?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) CO₂ and other gases
d) Argon
Answer: c
The energy flow in a food chain is:
a) Bidirectional
b) Multidirectional
c) Unidirectional
d) Reversible
Answer: c
Biodegradable wastes include:
a) Plastic
b) Glass
c) Vegetable peels
d) Polythene bags
Answer: c
Non-biodegradable materials are:
a) Eggshells
b) Plastic bottles
c) Banana peels
d) Paper
Answer: b
The main cause of water pollution is:
a) Natural springs
b) Rainwater
c) Industrial waste
d) Air
Answer: c
Decomposers are mostly:
a) Fungi and bacteria
b) Plants and algae
c) Humans and animals
d) Viruses and protozoa
Answer: a
The term “biomagnification” refers to:
a) Increase in body size
b) Increase in population
c) Increase in toxic substances in food chain
d) Genetic changes in organisms
Answer: c
Which one is a consequence of deforestation?
a) Decreased CO₂
b) Reduced soil erosion
c) Increased rainfall
d) Loss of biodiversity
Answer: d
Which activity can help in conserving water?
a) Excessive irrigation
b) Fixing leaking taps
c) Wasting rainwater
d) Polluting rivers
Answer: b
The term "ecosystem" was coined by:
a) Darwin
b) Reiter
c) Tansley
d) Wallace
Answer: c
A pond is an example of:
a) Artificial ecosystem
b) Forest ecosystem
c) Aquatic ecosystem
d) Terrestrial ecosystem
Answer: c
Which is the largest natural ecosystem?
a) Desert
b) Ocean
c) Forest
d) Pond
Answer: b
Which is not a component of an ecosystem?
a) Energy
b) Organisms
c) Rocks
d) Speed
Answer: d
Which of these practices reduces environmental pollution?
a) Burning plastic
b) Using public transport
c) Deforestation
d) Throwing garbage in rivers
Answer: b
Which of the following is a cause of air pollution?
a) Running water
b) Planting trees
c) Burning fossil fuels
d) Harvesting crops
Answer: c
The increase in Earth's temperature due to greenhouse gases is called:
a) Global warming
b) Ozone depletion
c) Acid rain
d) Eutrophication
Answer: a
Which of the following is an example of symbiosis?
a) Lion and deer
b) Cow and grass
c) Lichen
d) Human and mosquito
Answer: c
The non-living components of an ecosystem are:
a) Producers
b) Biotic factors
c) Abiotic factors
d) Decomposers
Answer: c
Which of the following is not a fossil fuel?
a) Coal
b) Natural gas
c) Petrol
d) Biomass
Answer: d
The biotic components of an ecosystem include:
a) Temperature and sunlight
b) Soil and air
c) Plants and animals
d) Water and oxygen
Answer: c
What is the role of herbivores in the ecosystem?
a) Produce food
b) Feed on carnivores
c) Feed on plants
d) Decompose dead organisms
Answer: c
Which of the following is a natural pollutant?
a) Volcano ash
b) Smoke from factories
c) Pesticides
d) Plastic
Answer: a
Which of these is a biodegradable waste?
a) Glass bottle
b) Fruit peel
c) Plastic straw
d) Aluminum foil
Answer: b
Which cycle involves the movement of water in nature?
a) Oxygen cycle
b) Nitrogen cycle
c) Water cycle
d) Carbon cycle
Answer: c
Overuse of groundwater may lead to:
a) Waterlogging
b) Flood
c) Drought
d) Groundwater recharge
Answer: c
Which of the following is a carnivore?
a) Rabbit
b) Cow
c) Tiger
d) Goat
Answer: c
The balance of nature is disturbed due to:
a) Photosynthesis
b) Reforestation
c) Pollution
d) Rotation of Earth
Answer: c
Earth Day is celebrated on:
a) April 22
b) March 5
c) June 21
d) October 16
Answer: a
Which is a man-made ecosystem?
a) Forest
b) Pond
c) Aquarium
d) Lake
Answer: c
The ozone layer protects us from:
a) Infrared rays
b) Visible light
c) Ultraviolet rays
d) X-rays
Answer: c
Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
a) Methane
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Water vapor
d) Oxygen
Answer: d
What is the primary cause of acid rain?
a) Greenhouse gases
b) UV radiation
c) SO₂ and NOx emissions
d) Carbon monoxide
Answer: c
The main source of noise pollution in cities is:
a) Birds chirping
b) Traffic
c) Rain
d) Breeze
Answer: b
The natural process of breaking down of biodegradable waste is called:
a) Composting
b) Burning
c) Recycling
d) Incineration
Answer: a
A food chain ends with:
a) Producer
b) Consumer
c) Decomposer
d) Herbivore
Answer: c
What do carnivores eat?
a) Plants
b) Insects
c) Animals
d) Fungi
Answer: c
Which of the following is the best way to reduce waste?
a) Incineration
b) Recycling
c) Dumping
d) Burning
Answer: b
The process of excessive algal growth due to nutrient pollution is:
a) Biomagnification
b) Eutrophication
c) Acidification
d) Ozonification
Answer: b
Which one of the following is not an air pollutant?
a) CO₂
b) SO₂
c) O₂
d) NO₂
Answer: c
Which factor has the biggest impact on climate change?
a) Wind
b) Human activities
c) Rainfall
d) Moon phases
Answer: b
Which of these can be reduced by using a catalytic converter in vehicles?
a) Dust
b) Carbon monoxide
c) Oxygen
d) Steam
Answer: b
Which of the following methods helps in waste management?
a) Landfilling
b) Composting
c) Recycling
d) All of these
Answer: d
Which of these is not part of the nitrogen cycle?
a) Ammonification
b) Nitrification
c) Photosynthesis
d) Denitrification
Answer: c
The part of Earth where life exists is:
a) Lithosphere
b) Hydrosphere
c) Atmosphere
d) Biosphere
Answer: d
The first trophic level in any food chain is:
a) Herbivores
b) Carnivores
c) Decomposers
d) Producers
Answer: d
The term “sustainable development” means:
a) Economic growth only
b) Development without caring for the environment
c) Development that meets present needs without harming future generations
d) Use of fossil fuels
Answer: c
What do we call species that are in danger of extinction?
a) Vulnerable
b) Rare
c) Endangered
d) Threatened
Answer: c
Water logging of soil is mainly caused by:
a) Under-irrigation
b) Over-irrigation
c) Rainwater harvesting
d) Wind erosion
Answer: b
Which of these activities does not contribute to water pollution?
a) Dumping industrial waste
b) Oil spills
c) Boiling drinking water
d) Use of fertilizers
Answer: c
Paper is made from:
a) Plastic
b) Metal
c) Wood pulp
d) Sand
Answer: c
Which sector contributes most to deforestation?
a) Housing
b) Tourism
c) Agriculture
d) Education
Answer: c
An example of a biodegradable pollutant is:
a) Plastic
b) Glass
c) Pesticides
d) Sewage
Answer: d
Which type of energy is least polluting?
a) Thermal
b) Hydroelectric
c) Solar
d) Nuclear
Answer: c
Which human activity leads to increased desertification?
a) Reforestation
b) Afforestation
c) Overgrazing
d) Drip irrigation
Answer: c
Which method is best for controlling air pollution?
a) Deforestation
b) More vehicles
c) Use of filters in chimneys
d) Burning waste
Answer: c
The environment includes:
a) Biotic factors
b) Abiotic factors
c) Both a and b
d) None
Answer: c
Planting more trees helps to reduce:
a) Soil fertility
b) Oxygen level
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Groundwater level
Answer: c
Which of the following is used for rainwater harvesting?
a) Plastic bag
b) Open gutter
c) Rooftop collection
d) Sponge
Answer: c
Which of the following is a major cause of marine pollution?
a) Noise
b) Agricultural runoff
c) Winds
d) Groundwater
Answer: b
Which of these resources is exhaustible?
a) Air
b) Water
c) Coal
d) Sunlight
Answer: c
In a food chain, energy is transferred in what direction?
a) Bottom to top
b) Top to bottom
c) Left to right
d) Circular
Answer: a
Who eats both producers and consumers?
a) Herbivore
b) Carnivore
c) Omnivore
d) Decomposer
Answer: c
What is the best method to dispose of kitchen waste?
a) Burning
b) Composting
c) Dumping in rivers
d) Burying with plastic
Answer: b
Which of these is a direct human benefit of forests?
a) CO₂ release
b) Wood and fruits
c) Desert formation
d) Soil erosion
Answer: b
Which activity reduces biodiversity?
a) Organic farming
b) Forest conservation
c) Habitat destruction
d) Recycling
Answer: c

Comments