1st year biology chapter 1 mcqs

Chapter 1: Introduction to Biology—100MCQs

Class 11 | 1st Year Biology | New Syllabus

1. Biology is the study of:
   a) Earth
   b) Life
   c) Chemicals
   d) Stars
   Ans: b

2. The word "Biology" is derived from
   a) Latin
   b) Greek
   c) Arabic
   d) French
   Ans: b

3. The term Biology was first used in
   a) 17th century
   b) 18th century
   c) 19th century
   d) 20th century
   Ans: c

4. Zoology is the study of:
   a) Plants
   b) Animals
   c) Fungi
   d) Microorganisms
   Ans: b

5. Botany is the branch of Biology that deals with
   a) Animals
   b) Bacteria
   c) Plants
   d) Insects
   Ans: c

6. Microbiology deals with the study of:
   a) Small machines
   b) Microorganisms
   c) Minerals
   d) Cells
   Ans: b

7. The branch of biology that deals with the study of functions is
   a) Anatomy
   b) Morphology
   c) Physiology
   d) Embryology
   Ans: c

8. The study of form and structure is called:
   a) Ecology
   b) Anatomy
   c) Morphology
   d) Genetics
   Ans: c

9. Paleontology is the study of:
   a) Soil
   b) Ancient life forms
   c) Birds
   d) Fish
   Ans: b

10. The study of heredity and variation is
    a) Taxonomy
    b) Genetics
    c) Ecology
    d) Biotechnology
    Ans: b

11. The study of the relationship of living organisms with their environment is called:
    a) Ecology
    b) Genetics
    c) Botany
    d) Anatomy
    Ans: a

12. Biotechnology deals with:
    a) Fossils
    b) Environment
    c) Use of living organisms in industries
    d) Energy production
    Ans: c

13. Which branch of biology involves the naming and classification of organisms?
    a) Ecology
    b) Taxonomy
    c) Physiology
    d) Morphology
    Ans: b

14. The system of binomial nomenclature was introduced by
    a) Aristotle
    b) Darwin
    c) Linnaeus
    d) Mendel
    Ans: c

15. Scientific study of diseases is called:
    a) Pathology
    b) Ecology
    c) Physiology
    d) Mycology
    Ans: a

16. The basic unit of life is
    a) Atom
    b) Tissue
    c) Cell
    d) Organ
    Ans: c

17. Modern biology is based on
    a) Guesswork
    b) Philosophical concepts
    c) Observations and experiments
    d) Religious beliefs
    Ans: c

18. Bioinformatics is the use of
    a) Physics in biology
    b) Chemistry in biology
    c) Computer science in biology
    d) Philosophy in biology
    Ans: c

19. Pharmacology deals with the study of:
    a) Cells
    b) Fossils
    c) Drugs
    d) Organs
    Ans: c

20. Immunology is the study of:
    a) Muscles
    b) Defense mechanisms
    c) Hormones
    d) Nerves
    Ans: b

21. Which of the following is a macroscopic branch of biology?
    a) Cytology
    b) Histology
    c) Morphology
    d) Microbiology
    Ans: c

22. Which branch deals with the internal structure of plants and animals?
    a) Anatomy
    b) Morphology
    c) Taxonomy
    d) Ecology
    Ans: a

23. Study of aging is called:
    a) Oncology
    b) Gerontology
    c) Immunology
    d) Pathology
    Ans: b

24. A person who studies animal behavior is called:
    a) Zoologist
    b) Ecologist
    c) Ethologist
    d) Botanist
    Ans: c

25. Which of the following is not a branch of biology?
    a) Virology
    b) Embryology
    c) Astronomy
    d) Physiology
    Ans: c

26. Who is known as the father of biology?
    a) Aristotle
    b) Darwin
    c) Linnaeus
    d) Pasteur
    Ans: a

27. Which of the following is the smallest level of biological organization?
    a) Organ
    b) Cell
    c) Molecule
    d) Atom
    Ans: d

28. A group of similar cells performing the same function is called:
    a) Organ
    b) Organ system
    c) Tissue
    d) Organism
    Ans: c

29. The study of viruses is called:
    a) Virology
    b) Pathology
    c) Mycology
    d) Entomology
    Ans: a

30. Who introduced the concept of binomial nomenclature?
    a) Darwin
    b) Linnaeus
    c) Lamarck
    d) Mendel
    Ans: b

31. Entomology is the study of:
    a) Reptiles
    b) Bacteria
    c) Insects
    d) Fungi
    Ans: c

32. Study of algae is called:
    a) Mycology
    b) Phycology
    c) Pathology
    d) Ecology
    Ans: b

33. Which level comes after tissue in biological organization?
    a) Cell
    b) Organ
    c) Organ system
    d) Organism
    Ans: b

34. Which of the following is a unicellular organism?
    a) Amoeba
    b) Human
    c) Plant
    d) Frog
    Ans: a

35. Which of the following is not included in the levels of biological organization?
    a) Biosphere
    b) Population
    c) Galaxy
    d) Community
    Ans: c

36. A population consists of:
    a) All species in an area
    b) Organisms of one species
    c) Different ecosystems
    d) All abiotic factors
    Ans: b

37. Community is made up of:
    a) Biotic factors only
    b) Abiotic factors only
    c) Organelles
    d) Organs
    Ans: a

38. The total of all ecosystems on Earth is:
    a) Biome
    b) Biosphere
    c) Community
    d) Habitat
    Ans: b

39. The study of fungi is known as:
    a) Mycology
    b) Phycology
    c) Virology
    d) Botany
    Ans: a

40. The branch of biology dealing with classification is:
    a) Morphology
    b) Genetics
    c) Taxonomy
    d) Pathology
    Ans: c

41. Which scientist is associated with the theory of natural selection?
    a) Mendel
    b) Darwin
    c) Aristotle
    d) Pasteur
    Ans: b

42. Study of tissues is called:
    a) Histology
    b) Physiology
    c) Anatomy
    d) Morphology
    Ans: a

43. The structure and functions of cell are studied under:
    a) Microbiology
    b) Cytology
    c) Ecology
    d) Genetics
    Ans: b

44. Louis Pasteur is known for:
    a) Theory of evolution
    b) Binomial nomenclature
    c) Germ theory
    d) Blood circulation
    Ans: c

45. The use of living organisms to solve practical problems is called:
    a) Ecology
    b) Biotechnology
    c) Morphology
    d) Virology
    Ans: b

46. Study of development from zygote to adult is:
    a) Histology
    b) Embryology
    c) Genetics
    d) Mycology
    Ans: b

47. Which term represents all living and non-living things in an area?
    a) Population
    b) Ecosystem
    c) Organism
    d) Habitat
    Ans: b

48. Which is the correct order from simple to complex in biological organization?
    a) Cell → Tissue → Organ
    b) Tissue → Cell → Organ
    c) Organ → Cell → Tissue
    d) Cell → Organ → Tissue
    Ans: a

49. The largest unit of biological organization is:
    a) Organ system
    b) Community
    c) Biosphere
    d) Population
    Ans: c

50. Which branch studies inheritance and genes?
    a) Taxonomy
    b) Cytology
    c) Genetics
    d) Anatomy
    Ans: c

51. A hypothesis is:
    a) Proven law
    b) Final conclusion
    c) Tentative explanation
    d) Scientific method
    Ans: c

52. Which branch deals with the functions of body parts?
    a) Morphology
    b) Physiology
    c) Anatomy
    d) Histology
    Ans: b

53. Which is not a function of living organisms?
    a) Growth
    b) Respiration
    c) Movement
    d) Inertia
    Ans: d

54. An organ system is made up of:
    a) Cells
    b) Organs
    c) Tissues
    d) Organelles
    Ans: b

55. The scientific method includes:
    a) Guessing only
    b) Observations only
    c) Steps including hypothesis, experimentation, and conclusion
    d) Theories only
    Ans: c

56. A theory is:
    a) A proven fact
    b) An untested idea
    c) A well-supported explanation
    d) A guess
    Ans: c

57. Which of these is a macroscopic branch of biology?
    a) Physiology
    b) Cytology
    c) Virology
    d) Histology
    Ans: a

58. What is the study of fishes called?
    a) Entomology
    b) Ichthyology
    c) Ornithology
    d) Mammalogy
    Ans: b

59. An individual living entity is called:
    a) Population
    b) Organism
    c) Cell
    d) Species
    Ans: b

60. The application of computer science in biology is:
    a) Bioinformatics
    b) Biotechnology
    c) Biophysics
    d) Biochemistry
    Ans: a

61. Which level of organization comes after population?
    a) Organism
    b) Community
    c) Ecosystem
    d) Cell
    Ans: b

62. The origin of new life forms is studied under:
    a) Genetics
    b) Evolution
    c) Taxonomy
    d) Anatomy
    Ans: b

63. The ability to maintain internal stability is:
    a) Metabolism
    b) Reproduction
    c) Homeostasis
    d) Sensitivity
    Ans: c

64. A scientific name is made up of:
    a) One word
    b) Two words
    c) Three words
    d) Four words
    Ans: b

65. Human belongs to the genus:
    a) Homo
    b) Sapiens
    c) Primate
    d) Mammalia
    Ans: a

66. The father of taxonomy is:
    a) Mendel
    b) Darwin
    c) Linnaeus
    d) Pasteur
    Ans: c

67. Which of these is not a part of the scientific method?
    a) Observation
    b) Conclusion
    c) Guessing
    d) Experimentation
    Ans: c

68. The most basic functional unit of life is:
    a) Molecule
    b) Atom
    c) Cell
    d) Tissue
    Ans: c

69. All organisms of same species living in the same area form a:
    a) Community
    b) Population
    c) Ecosystem
    d) Biosphere
    Ans: b

70. Organisms that can produce their own food are called:
    a) Heterotrophs
    b) Consumers
    c) Parasites
    d) Autotrophs
    Ans: d

71. Biophysics deals with:
    a) Use of physics in biological processes
    b) Study of bones
    c) Study of air
    d) Study of life history
    Ans: a

72. Which of the following shows the correct hierarchy?
    a) Molecule → Organ → Cell
    b) Atom → Molecule → Cell
    c) Cell → Molecule → Organ
    d) Tissue → Cell → Organism
    Ans: b

73. The study of birds is called:
    a) Ornithology
    b) Mycology
    c) Ichthyology
    d) Phycology
    Ans: a

74. A permanent change in DNA is called:
    a) Replication
    b) Mutation
    c) Translation
    d) Transcription
    Ans: b

75. Which branch studies origin of species?
    a) Evolution
    b) Embryology
    c) Genetics
    d) Morphology
    Ans: a

76. Study of amphibians is called:
    a) Herpetology
    b) Ornithology
    c) Mammalogy
    d) Entomology
    Ans: a

77. A group of tissues working together is known as:
    a) Cell
    b) Organ
    c) Organ system
    d) Organism
    Ans: b

78. The branch of science which uses living organisms in industrial processes:
    a) Bioinformatics
    b) Pharmacology
    c) Biotechnology
    d) Ecology
    Ans: c

79. An example of unicellular organism is:
    a) Bacteria
    b) Man
    c) Tree
    d) Fish
    Ans: a

80. Who is considered the founder of modern biology?
    a) Aristotle
    b) Linnaeus
    c) Darwin
    d) Mendel
    Ans: c

81. The branch of biology concerned with naming organisms is:
    a) Taxonomy
    b) Morphology
    c) Physiology
    d) Cytology
    Ans: a

82. Morphology focuses on:
    a) Behavior
    b) Structure and form
    c) Function
    d) Environment
    Ans: b

83. One example of biotic component is:
    a) Water
    b) Sunlight
    c) Soil
    d) Plant
    Ans: d

84. Non-living components in an ecosystem are called:
    a) Biotic
    b) Abiotic
    c) Static
    d) None
    Ans: b

85. The process by which a hypothesis is tested is called:
    a) Observation
    b) Analysis
    c) Experimentation
    d) Conclusion
    Ans: c

86. The branch of biology that deals with life in oceans:
    a) Ecology
    b) Marine biology
    c) Limnology
    d) Zoology
    Ans: b

87. Which one is a characteristic of all living things?
    a) Crystallization
    b) Movement
    c) Sensitivity
    d) Rigidity
    Ans: c

88. Which of the following is a microscopic branch?
    a) Zoology
    b) Physiology
    c) Cytology
    d) Morphology
    Ans: c

89. Which scientific method step comes first?
    a) Conclusion
    b) Observation
    c) Experimentation
    d) Theory
    Ans: b

90. Which branch is concerned with study of tissues?
    a) Histology
    b) Virology
    c) Phycology
    d) Entomology
    Ans: a

91. What is the plural of genus?
    a) Geni
    b) Gena
    c) Genera
    d) Genuses
    Ans: c

92. Which level of organization is smallest?
    a) Organ
    b) Organ system
    c) Tissue
    d) Cell
    Ans: d

93. The ultimate aim of science is to:
    a) Prove beliefs
    b) Make laws
    c) Understand natural phenomena
    d) Create religion
    Ans: c

94. First step of scientific method is:
    a) Experiment
    b) Hypothesis
    c) Observation
    d) Theory
    Ans: c

95. The term taxonomy was coined by:
    a) Linnaeus
    b) Theophrastus
    c) De Candolle
    d) Mendel
    Ans: c

96. Which organelle is absent in prokaryotes?
    a) Ribosome
    b) Plasma membrane
    c) Mitochondria
    d) Cell wall
    Ans: c

97. Which of these is a eukaryote?
    a) Bacteria
    b) Cyanobacteria
    c) Amoeba
    d) Virus
    Ans: c

98. The word biology means:
    a) Logic of stars
    b) Science of life
    c) Study of earth
    d) Technology of living
    Ans: b

99. Living things show:
    a) Growth only
    b) Movement only
    c) All characteristics of life
    d) Respiration only
    Ans: c

100. Which branch studies hormones?
     a) Endocrinology
     b) Histology
     c) Cytology
     d) Oncology
     Ans: a